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Mahnaz Amadeh
Faculty of Medical, Islamic Republic of Iran
Master of Medical Parasitology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Address for Corresponding Author
Mahnaz Amadeh
Faculty of Medical, Islamic Republic of Iran
Master of medical parasitology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Background: Leishmaniasis is a common infectious zoonosis disease, which is caused by different species of Leishmania genus. The disease is transmitted by sandflies, which infects mononuclear phagocytes in the human host of Leishmania as an intracellular parasite. Depending on the type of parasite and host immune response, the disease will have different clinical manifestations so that the symptoms subclinical infections and self-healing cutaneous occlusion, diffuse and progressive skin occlusion, and mucous membranes, and the entire reticuloendothelial system vary. The main response of the body to resist this infection is cell-mediated immunity. Materials and methods: The study was performed on 44 patients who had previously been diagnosed with Leishmania Major by sampling from the wound and carrying out PCR test. In Addition, 10cc blood was taken from 25 health people. The samples were isolated and cultured using the Ficclean gradient method. Then, RNA was isolated from them in two steps before and after induction with PHA, and converted to cDNA. The ICAM1 gene expression rate of RTPCR was measured and compared in both patient and control groups. Results: The 44 patients were evaluated, 64% of which were males and 36% were females. The average age of these individuals was 37.6 years old. The highest wound rates were observed in people’s hands. The difference in expression of ICAM1 gene before and after induction with PHA was significant in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis compared to the control group by Mann-Whitney test. Conclusion: The current study expresses that immunity in leishmaniasis is dependent on induction of the immune system and the presence of multiple wounds in the body causes faster and more severe immune responses and stronger immunity to the disease. This study also describes the role of Th1 in dermatological leishmaniasis. Accordingly, the expression of the ICAM1 gene in people with cutaneous leishmaniasis would indicate an increase in the activity of neutrophils in the infection site and an increase in inflammation, which can also contribute to the spread of Th1 immune response, and can also lead to parasite limitation, by increasing inflammation.
Keywords: Leishmaniasis, ICAM1, PHA induction
