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Tsati Koussoukama Berenger Igor1,2, Biassala Eliane Thérèse1, Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid1,2*, Ndangui Chancelle2, Nzikou Jean Mathurin2
1Multidisciplinary Food and Nutrition Research Team: Regional Center of Excellence in Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University. BP. 69, Brazzaville, Congo
2Process Engineering Laboratory, UNESCO-ENSP Chair, Marien Ngouabi University. B P. 69, Brazzaville, Congo
*Address for Corresponding Author
Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid
Multidisciplinary Food and Nutrition Research Team: Regional Center of Excellence in Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University. BP. 69, Brazzaville, Congo
Abstract
Trilepisium madagascariense DC. and Momordica charantia L. are plant species used by traditional practitioners in the treatment of certain pathologies such as diabetes. This study consisted in determining the phytochemical parameters and assessing the antioxidant activity of Trilepisium madagascariense DC. leaves and the whole plant of Momordica charantia L. from Congo. Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminium trichloride were used to determine total polyphenols and total flavonoids, respectively, by spectrophotometry. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scanning method was used to assess antioxidant activity. The chemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids and flavonoids, followed by tannins and reducing sugars in moderate quantities, and the absence of saponosides. Total polyphenol levels in the extracts were 598.38 mg EAG/gMs in Trilepisium madagascariense DC and 59.35 mg EAG/gMs in Momordica charantia L . Total flavonoid contents in the extracts were 57.99 mg EQ/gMs in Trilepisium madagascariense DC and 33.97 mg EQ/gMs in Momordica charantia L. The results of the antioxidant power of the extracts tested show that extracts of Trilepisium madagascariense DC are remarkably higher, with a percentage of inhibition in the order of 30.58% at 1000 μg/ml compared with 14.82% at 1000μg/ml for Momordica charantia L. This study thus reveals the pharmacological potential of Trilepisium madagascariense DC. and Momordica charantia L., which are plants widely used in the treatment of diabetes by Congolese populations.
Keywords: Trilepisium madagascariense DC, Momordica charantia L, antioxidant activity, chemical screening, Congo