Review Articles

2017  |  Vol: 2(6)  |  Issue: 6 (November-December)

Chemistry, therapeutic benefit and new development on Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Review

Nagaraju Pappula*, Ravichandra Sharabu, Prasad RNCSH., Satyanarayana B.V., Vandana B.

Hindu College of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur-522 002, Andhra Pradesh, India.

*Address for Corresponding Author

Dr. Nagaraju Pappula

Hindu College of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur-522 002, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Abstract

Proton pump inhibitors irreversibly inhibit the enzyme hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (H⁺/K⁺-ATPase), which suppresses acid production in the parietal cell of the stomach. Initiation and the continuous use of these drugs without correct indications will result in significant cost to the patient. Omeprazole, the prototype proton pump inhibitor, has proved to be very efficient. Lansoprazole is the second proton pump inhibitor available on the market. Pantoprazole is not yet available for general use in the United States. However, each of these drugs is slightly different from omeprazole, thus offering some possible clinical advantages. Compared with omeprazole, lansoprazole has a longer duration of action and improved activity against H. pylori, while pantoprazole has less interaction with the cytochrome P-450 system and more predictable bioavailability. All three agents have similarly high healing rates for acid peptic diseases and appear to be superior to H₂-receptor antagonists. However, newer agents are being designed to provide even more persuasive acid suppression and longer-acting proton pump inhibition, with the goal of further controlling gastric hyper secretion. PPIs are used to treat peptic ulcers (duodenal and gastric), erosive esophagitis, and drug-induced ulcers (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs {NSAIDs}), symptoms of gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD). The purpose of this review is to compares the benefits and harms of different PPIs.

Key words: PPI’s, Omeprazole, Parietal cells, H⁺/K⁺-ATPase